Dow has expanded the job description for its chief sustainability officer, Andre Argenton, to include the chemicals and materials science company’s growth and innovation strategy.
His title now includes chief technology officer, filling the position vacated by A.N. Sreeram, who retired effective Jan 1. In his new role, Argenton is responsible for Dow’s global research and development organization and for its environment, health, safety and sustainability strategy. His team also leads Dow’s ESG reporting and governance.
Scientist by training
The expanded role marks a homecoming for Argenton, who was vice president of Dow’s core research and development before being named as Dow’s chief sustainability officer in April 2022.
He replaced Mary Draver, who joined Dow in 1989 and rose to leadership roles in manufacturing and EH&S before her retirement in 2022.
Dow has built environmental metrics into its innovation agenda over the past decade, and more than 90 percent of its portfolio is aligned with some sort of sustainability outcome, as of Dow’s latest ESG report in June 2025.
The company’s top-line climate goal is to cut emissions for operations and electricity consumption (Scope 1 and 2) by 15 percent by 2030, compared with a 2020 baseline, and to be carbon neutral by 2050. Dow hasn’t disclosed its progress against those targets, but plans to do so with its 2025 progress report, due in mid-2026.
Argenton was educated as a physical chemist. He joined Dow Brazil in 1999 and moved to the U.S. in 2007.
His new role was revealed in a filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Dow did not respond to a request for comment.
Diana Birkett Rakow became CEO of Hawaiian Airlines in October 2025 after eight years heading parent company Alaska Air Group’s sustainability, venture investments and public affairs strategy.
It’s a rare career progression among corporate sustainability professionals, but Birkett Rakow argues it should be more common because CSOs and CEOs share a common challenge: creating business value while navigating systems change.
“Fundamentally, the definition of sustainability is durability,” she said during the latest episode of our Climate Pioneers interview series. “It’s being here and being successful for a long time.”
Hawaiian celebrated its 96th anniversary in 2025, making it one of the oldest U.S. airlines. It was acquired by Alaska Air in September 2024, and Birkett Rakow was closely involved with the integration planning as part of the executive committee led by her boss, Alaska Air CEO Ben Minicucci. She was named to Hawaiian’s board when the integration was completed, ahead of her promotion. Her mission: build on the airlines’ investments in sustainable aviation fuel and efficiency measures, such as local sourcing, to position the combined company for low-carbon business growth.
“Knowing climate science is a real asset, increasingly, for chief sustainability officers, but not just knowing that science, knowing how to translate it into business integration and business outcomes and into initiatives that will actually drive impact,” she said. “I think the duality of that experience is also really important.”
Birkett Rakow’s long-time experience in public affairs and community relations was also a key factor in her promotion to CEO one year later. Before her experience at Alaska Air, she worked on public health policy in the U.S. Senate and in corporate roles at Group Health and Kaiser Permanente (which bought Group Health in 2017).
“One of the things that has always been part of my career is working with multiple stakeholders to get to a solution,” she said. “You can’t go off in a corner and come up with a piece of legislation and expect that it’s going to get done, partly because no one person has all the answers.”
Airline CEOs love fuel efficiency
Birkett Rakow remains accountable for Alaska Air’s overall sustainability strategy and for Alaska Star Ventures, created four years ago, and the work to reduce emissions across the airlines’ operations is top of mind in both her roles. One of the combined company’s environmental goals (adopted from Alaska Air’s sustainability playbook) is to be the most fuel-efficient premium U.S. airline, a title it already claims.
Alaska Air cut 6.4 million gallons of jet fuel in 2024; almost half that amount came from a procedure that requires planes to taxi to runways using just one engine before turning both on for takeoff. It saved 900,000 gallons by using Flyways, an AI software application Alaska developed in collaboration with Air Space Intelligence. The system optimizes flight path information for dispatchers and pilots in real time, so adjustments can be made on the fly that decrease fuel consumption.
Alaska Air doesn’t publish how much fuel it burns annually, but it used close to 300 million gallons in the first half of 2024. “Fuel that we don’t burn is emissions that we don’t need to create,” Birkett Rakow said. “It’s a win-win for the business, because it also is fuel that we don’t need to pay for.”
Alaska Air’s partnership with Air Space Intelligence inspired the creation of Alaska Star Ventures. “Seeing how technology could be built and serve us in the future started us thinking about the role we should play in enabling that new technology,” Birkett Rakow said. “Some of the role we should play is using it. Some of it is informing its development with our own expertise.”
SAF ambitions
The venture group invests in startups and technologies that support the airlines’ operational efficiency goals, fleet renewal initiatives and the transition to sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). For example, Alaska Air in August 2024 funded JetZero, which is developing a blended wing aircraft design designed to burn 50 percent less fuel than current planes.
Alaska Air has funded several SAF companies, with the goal of building supplies for its hubs in Hawaii and the Pacific Northwest. For example, Hawaiian and Alaska will receive the first SAF deliveries in the first quarter made from locally grown Camelina crops through its partnership with Par Hawaii and Pono Energy. Alaska is investing in carbontech company Twelve through a venture with Microsoft and others in Washington state, the Cascadia Sustainable Aviation Accelerator. It is also backing a new Breakthrough Energy Ventures fund that aims to scale commercial availability of sustainable aviation fuel. To build awareness with customers, Alaska Air awards elite qualifying miles to flyers who buy SAF credits.
SAF production is building slowly, and it will take a combination of definitive airline purchasing commitments, policy development and customer engagement to accelerate commercial availability. Alaska Air’s corporate customers including Autodesk, Meta, Microsoft, Skanska, Watershed and We are buying into the mission
“It’s really exciting, but it’s going to take time,” Birkett Rakow said. “I think a couple of years ago with SAF, we thought if we just created … demand signals, if we just purchase SAF, the market will grow. I think there was some rationale to that, but it hasn’t worked in part because the regulatory environment hasn’t been consistently supportive in a way that was probably required for that to happen, and the cost of building new technologies and new production and the capital needed to stand that up is very significant.”
https://sustainable-future.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cropped-trellis_favicon_180x180.png3232sustainablefuturehttps://sustainable-future.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Untitled-design-117-300x94.pngsustainablefuture2026-01-08 10:00:002026-01-08 18:08:26How Alaska Air’s sustainability lead became Hawaiian Airlines’ CEO
When Trellis assessed food industry leaders and laggards in 2021, Post Holdings featured in the second category. Back then, the maker of food service products (Michael Foods), breakfast cereals (Grape-Nuts, Weetabix) and pet foods (Rachael Ray Nutrish) hadn’t set emission targets and wasn’t fully disclosing emissions.
A lot has changed since at the St. Louis, Missouri-based company, which employs 13,000 people and reported sales of $8.2 billion in 2025. Trellis checked in with Nick Martin, Post’s vice president of corporate sustainability, to learn more.
Why Post set emission targets
Multiple factors combined around 2021 to motivate the company to publicly commit to reductions. Investors were asking questions, for one. So, too, were big retailers such as Tesco and Walmart, many of which have targets and count a portion of Post’s emissions in their Scope 3 inventory.
“We jumped out as one of the few large food and beverage companies that didn’t have a target,” said Martin. “We didn’t show very well in the ratings and rankings, so we were automatically perceived as not doing anything.”
Now, the company is committed to a 30 percent cut in combined emissions from company operations (Scope 1) and purchased electricity (Scope 2) by 2030, measured against a 2020 baseline. It’s roughly halfway to that target, thanks in large part to a 26 percent drop in Scope 2 emissions. One key factor has been the addition of low-carbon sources to the grid in Missouri, which is home to many of the company’s facilities.
The bulk of Post’s emissions — 90 percent of the 2024 total — come from indirect (Scope 3) sources, principally the ingredients it sources. Like a growing number of companies, Post bases its target for this scope on an intensity measure: emissions scaled by either net sales or mass of product. Although the company aims to cut emission intensity by 30 percent by 2030, it hasn’t decided on which of the two metrics it will use to assess progress.
What it decides will matter: Sales-based intensity is down 29 percent, but the mass-based alternative is up 7 percent, according to Post’s most recent data.
How structure shapes strategy
The current arrangement allows subsidiaries a relatively high degree of flexibility. Each is committed to working toward the top-level targets and aware of emissions from specific sites, which leaders from the subsidiaries discuss at monthly meetings of the company’s Operations Council. Individual brands, however, are not explicitly required to achieve the same reductions.
Post is unusual among large food brands in that it is structured as a holding company with those multiple subsidiaries. The challenge of figuring out how best to craft sustainability strategy within this structure was what attracted Martin in 2022. “There weren’t a lot of role models to try to mirror,” he said.
That freed him to aim higher. Last year, Weetabix, a UK subsidiary, had its near and long-term emission goals validated by the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi). These include a 39 percent cut in land-based emissions by 2033 and reaching net zero across its value chain by 2050.
One reason why Weetabix is able to commit to larger cuts is an unusually close relationship with its wheat suppliers. Wheat is sourced from a “Growers Group” of 120 farmers that operate within 50 miles of a central England factory. That reduces the barriers to trying out low-carbon farming methods, such as reduced use of nitrogen fertilizer.
“I would argue it’s a leading model for how you build a sustainable approach to engaging your supply chain,” said Martin.
SBTi: not a good fit
Weetabix’s adoption of an SBTi target was designed as a pilot exercise for Post. In the end, though, the experience didn’t prompt Martin to ask other subsidiaries to try it.
One frustration was that Weetabix was forced to restart the validation process a couple of times after making acquisitions. Perhaps more importantly, Martin felt the subsidiary already had a strong sustainability strategy, and achieving SBTi validation distracted the team from implementing it.
The SBTi listing does help meet requests from retailers for such an approval, Martin offered. Still, he concluded, “at the end of the day, I don’t know that we would say it was a good return on the time and investment.”
A counter-argument — which Martin also acknowledged — is that the SBTi pushed Weetabix to adopt more ambitious goals. Post Holdings’ commitments, while meaningful, would likely not be approved by the SBTi as being in line with limiting global temperature increases to 1.5 degrees Celsius. General Mills and Kraft Heinz, rival companies with SBTi-approved targets, have, for example, committed to absolute Scope 3 cuts and to reaching net zero by 2050.
“For companies that are going to reduce their Scope 3 absolute emissions by 50-plus percent — how are you going to do that and grow your company?” asked Martin. “That’s really, really difficult.”
https://sustainable-future.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cropped-trellis_favicon_180x180.png3232sustainablefuturehttps://sustainable-future.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Untitled-design-117-300x94.pngsustainablefuture2026-01-08 00:07:012026-01-09 18:10:06How the maker of Grape-Nuts and Weetabix upped its sustainability game
Fanny Moizant has been at the forefront of the circular fashion movement, co-launching Vestiaire Collective from her Paris apartment 16 years ago. On Jan. 5, she shared on LinkedIn that the company is forcing her out as president.
Moizant cited “organizational changes” at the business, which sells “pre-loved” authenticated luxury items from the likes of Gucci, Yves Saint Laurent and Chanel.
“This was not a decision I initiated, nor one I expected, but I accept that it marks the end of an extraordinary chapter,” she wrote. “Since co-founding Vestiaire Collective in 2009, I’ve had the immense privilege of building a company with a soul, a purpose, and a powerful mission: changing the fashion industry from the inside — one second-hand item at a time.”
Vestiaire counts 23 million users in 70 nations, with tens of thousands of new listings every day. The private company is a certified B Corporation.
Moizant, who received knighthood from the French government in 2023, has been bullish about the potential for “pre-loved” luxury growth.
High-end and secondhand fashion sales will reach $360 billion by 2030, according to an October report by Vestiaire and Boston Consulting Group. It found resale growing three times faster than sales of equivalent new items.
Authentication challenges
At the same time, Vestiaire acknowledges the high costs of fending off dupes. It combines digital authentication with in-person, white-glove inspection of streetwear, handbags and watches.
Vestiaire takes on the liability and refunds knockoffs, if they creep into a sale. The centralized approach to circularity contrasts with that of other peer-to-peer merchants such as Vinted, through which sellers and buyers ship directly to one another.
Authentication requires so much work that Vestiaire launched a controversial carbon credits program to help fund it. On Oct. 3, the company began offering credits on an independent marketplace. Each credit represents emissions savings generated through secondhand purchases on Vestiaire.
Vestiaire carries more than 13,000 luxury and boutique brands but bans mid-range, high-production staple labels, including Gap, H&M and Zara. It’s among the few e-commerce resale players offering menswear.
The company has raised $722.3 million total, with the last, undisclosed round in January 2024, according to Crunchbase. In 2021 Vestiaire reached “unicorn” status, with a valuation above $1 billion, after it raised $208 million from Gucci owner Kering Group and Tiger Global Management.
Shifting leadership
Chief Marketing Officer and global CMO Samina Virk appears to have left the company as of December, according to her LinkedIn profile — about eight months after being promoted from North American CEO. (Trellis has not confirmed her departure at publication time.)
CEO Bernard Osta, who joined Vestiaire Collective in October, has been emphasizing AI to enhance authentication and user experiences. Promoted from CFO and strategy lead, he’s a former Goldman Sachs and Lazard investment banker.
Osta replaced CEO Maximilian Bittner, co-founder of the Lozada marketplace, now part of Alibaba.
Moizant’s path to knighthood
The idea for a trusted consignment service emerged as Moizant restocked her closet after having two daughters. Through word of mouth, she met several people with a parallel idea, and they eventually joined forces as co-founders.
The company’s original name, Vestiaire de Copines, translates to “your friends’ wardrobe.” It launched around the same time as Vinted and ThredUp, and ahead of Poshmark and The RealReal.
In addition to founding Vestiaire Collective and evangelizing circular luxury fashion, Moizant is credited with expanding the business into Europe and Asia Pacific.
Among her cofounders: Sophie Hersan remains at Vestiaire as fashion director shaping brand and sustainability; Sébastien Fabre runs luxury resale rival ReSee; Christian Jorge exited in 2017 to co-found Arianee and Omie & Cie; and Alexandre Cognard and Henrique Fernandes left earlier.
In 2023, France awarded Moizant and Hersan the National Order of Merit, with the grade of Chevalier, or knight.
Before Vestiaire, Moizant had worked for designer John Galliano and attended L’Institut Français de la Mode.
Praise for Moizant
“The success of Vestiaire Collective was built first and foremost on its incredible brand, driven by your unique understanding of our customers, the zeitgeist and incredible story telling,” Bittner commented on Moizant’s LinkedIn post. “Above that, even more importantly, you are a great entrepreneur, pioneer and leader, who inspired those around you, including me, every day.”
“Sixteen years of shaping circularity not only left a mark on the industry, it redefined it forever,” wrote Melissa McDermott, founder and CEO of Reclaim of Barcelona.
“Her intuition for brand and product, her deep understanding of the fashion community and her early commitment to circularity have profoundly shaped the company’s identity, DNA and mission.” a Vestiaire Collective spokeswoman told Trellis.
https://sustainable-future.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cropped-trellis_favicon_180x180.png3232sustainablefuturehttps://sustainable-future.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Untitled-design-117-300x94.pngsustainablefuture2026-01-07 10:00:002026-01-07 18:09:08Vestiaire pushes out co-founder and President Fanny Moizant
The opinions expressed here by Trellis expert contributors are their own, not those of Trellis.
As an impact investor and educator, I’ve learned to distinguish between the noise that dominates headlines and the signals that actually move capital. As we begin 2026, this discernment has never been more essential.
The jarring political landscape is enough to make you think impact investing is retreating. But here’s what the headlines miss: Markets are moving on their own momentum. Capital hasn’t slowed. It’s just getting smarter about where it flows.
I see 10 trends that will shape impact investing this year. What unites them is a central theme: the transition from aspirational ideals to financial materiality. Impact investing in 2026 isn’t about virtue — it’s about value.
1. Financial materiality becomes the organizing principle
The shift I wrote about last year — from moral imperatives to financial materiality — is in full swing. Asset managers approach climate and biodiversity with a focus on measurable impact to cash flows, valuations and cost of capital. This isn’t a retreat from impact; it’s an evolution. Some studies show that companies reporting clearer sustainability data are being rewarded with lower financing costs and higher equity valuations. The market is speaking and it’s saying, “Show me the numbers.”
2. Technology and AI multiply impact
AI isn’t just transforming how we invest; it’s transforming how we measure impact. The KPIs that demonstrate how a business addresses environmental or social challenges can be tracked with unprecedented precision. AI-driven geospatial analytics are making physical risk assessments more robust and comparable across markets. For investors, the ability to see a fuller picture of financially material issues has never been greater. The challenge now isn’t gathering data — it’s converting raw material into reliable, actionable insights.
3. The energy transition is driven by economics, not policy
Consider a statistic that should fundamentally alter the investment narrative: During the first nine months of 2024, renewables captured 90 percent of new U.S. generating capacity, with solar alone representing over 70 percent. Mandates aren’t driving this transformation — mathematics is. The cost curves have crossed.
Markets have noticed. Businesses monetizing mature, commercially viable clean technologies have delivered stronger performance than peers betting on nascent innovations. New-energy equities more than doubled the gains of broader indices through the latter half of 2025. Washington’s priorities will rotate, but for solutions that have achieved genuine unit-economic advantage, each production cycle compounds its competitive position independent of whoever occupies the White House.
The key analytical task ahead: separating enterprises that can thrive on pure economics from those whose fortunes remain hostage to legislative tailwinds.
4. Physical climate risk repricing across asset classes
Owners of operating companies and tangible assets can no longer relegate physical climate exposure to the appendix. Surface-level projections can mislead: Aggregate extreme weather damages may increase just 2 percent through mid-century under a 3 degrees Celsius pathway. Yet averages mask the distribution that matters. Morgan Stanley’s analysis suggests the proportion of holdings facing ruinous impairment — losses beyond 20 percent of value — could multiply fivefold.
5. Regional, small and mid-cap companies gain competitive advantage
The globalization trend of the past 25 years is reversing. Smaller, more nimble private companies that maintain emphasis on domestic supply chains are gaining relative advantage over those at the mega end of the market.
Their ability to move quickly, navigate local environments and maintain regional supply chains is becoming a distinct edge against global market shocks, presenting a “picks and shovels” approach for investing in infrastructure.
6. A graying America sells privately held companies to employees
The long-anticipated “silver tsunami” — the wave of Baby Boomer business owners reaching retirement age — is cresting, with an estimated 2.9 million privately held businesses expected to change hands over the next decade.
For investors, the question of who acquires these companies carries profound implications for wealth distribution. While private equity and strategic acquirers remain the default exit paths, Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs) are emerging as a vehicle for converting retiring owners’ equity into broad-based employee wealth. The mechanics are elegant: Sellers receive favorable tax treatment, employees acquire ownership stakes at no out-of-pocket cost, and communities retain locally rooted businesses that might otherwise be consolidated, stripped or relocated.
Research from the National Center for Employee Ownership shows that ESOP participants accumulate retirement assets three to five times greater than comparable workers at non-ESOP firms — a differential that compounds dramatically for lower-wage and historically marginalized employees who rarely access ownership economics through conventional channels.
7. Impact investment infrastructure grows up
Impact investing is moving from a cottage industry to institutional scale. Governments, including Brazil and Turkey, are expanding impact capital and using it as a key driver of sustainable growth.
Perhaps more significantly, impact wholesalers — vehicles that invest in intermediaries — are increasing the pool of domestic capital. The Japan Network for Public Interest Activities, for example, channels dormant bank assets into social enterprises. Germany is exploring similar legislation.
8. Outcome-based financing moves from pilot to policy
Outcome-based financing mechanisms, such as social impact bonds and outcomes funds, have crossed the threshold from experimentation to institutionalization. In Canada, for example, outcome-based transactions have mobilized over $14.5 million since 2023, reaching more than 10,000 beneficiaries.
Pay-for-results is becoming an embedded government procurement strategy. For impact investors, this shift fundamentally changes the risk profile: governments now serve as creditworthy outcome payers while private capital assumes the risk that social programs fail to produce outcomes that trigger payment — a structure that offers both downside protection and scalable deal flow.
Here’s the irony of the current moment: As some policymakers ease back on reporting requirements, investors are using market mechanisms to protect their access to information.
Despite the retreat in the U.S., the number of companies disclosing decarbonization targets continues to grow. Brazil’s Securities Commission announced that by 2026 all listed companies must publish reports aligned with ISSB standards. The EU’s Omnibus package proposes simplifications to CSRD requirements. The direction is clear: Focus on a narrower set of reported metrics that are financially material. For markets, value lies in the decision-useful, not the exhaustive.
Military escalation and energy security concerns have prompted many asset managers to rescind broad exclusions in defense and energy sectors. At the same time, governments are taking more direct roles in strategically important industries — from critical minerals to AI — sometimes taking equity stakes to secure supply chains and national capabilities.
This industrial policy shift matters for portfolio construction. One analysis shows that state-owned enterprises have underperformed over the past decade and the greater the government’s stake, the worse the underperformance. Yet for bondholders, the calculus flips: Government backing narrows spreads and reduces default risk.
The implication for impact investors is clear: As governments reassert their role in capital formation, knowing where public involvement supports stability and where it erodes profitability will be key to positioning portfolios for the next phase of industrial policy.
https://sustainable-future.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cropped-trellis_favicon_180x180.png3232sustainablefuturehttps://sustainable-future.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Untitled-design-117-300x94.pngsustainablefuture2026-01-07 10:00:002026-01-07 18:09:0910 impact investing trends that will define 2026
The world’s polyester spree over the past half century has nudged cotton to the margins.
The synthetic wonder makes up 59 percent of textiles, but its origins are problematic. Its long name, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), reflects its connection to crude oil and gas refining.
Polyester, in fact, carries all the fossil fuel burdens of plastic, from its creation to the long-term persistence of microfibers in the environment — and human bodies. Scientists have connected plastic bits in people’s arteries with a higher risk of heart attack and stroke.
Here are seven trends that will shape polyester production and consumption in 2026.
Polyester still rules fashion
Some labels, like Eileen Fisher, Everlane, Reformation and Pact, have explicitly eliminated polyester from their clothes. Yet their combined scale is dwarfed by the likes of Shein, which makes liberal use of the material — and has estimated annual revenues of around $40 billion.
In other words, fashion is nowhere close to reaching peak polyester. The market for the fiber will grow from $135.6 billion in 2025, rising to $210.6 billion in 2035, according to Future Market Insights.
“If the industry is left on its own, and these so-called well-intentioned brands completely transition to more sustainable materials, there will always be someone else willing to build another Shein to capture the consumer demographic that prioritizes price and fashion trends over sustainability,” said Marcian Lee, an analyst with Lux Research.
Polyester and overproduction go hand in hand (with opacity)
Those sellers are simply maximizing long-established industry practices. That’s why serious climate accounting in fashion starts with a question most brands fail to answer: How much do they produce in the first place?
Brands aspire to source recycled polyester (sort of)
More than 110 companies including Adidas, Patagonia and Nike pledged through the Textile Exchange’s Polyester Challenge to use only recycled sources of polyester by the end of 2025. Only 26 percent have met that goal.
Most of the 1 percent of polyester that’s recycled comes from beverage bottles, which circularity advocates prefer to keep in closed-loop bottle recycling systems.
Microfiber risks are rising
Every polyester garment is a long-term source of plastic pollution, shedding fibers through each wear and wash. Shifting to recycled polyester reduces reliance on virgin plastics but may add microfiber pollution.
The nonprofit Changing Markets Foundation estimates that bottle-to-fiber recycled polyester sheds 55 percent more microfibers than virgin polyester. However, the Microfibre Consortium has found conflicting results, reflecting how little is understood or regulated.
The nonprofit is working with Fashion for Good and 11 large brands, including Adidas, Kering, Inditex and Levi’s, to understand how to address microfiber shedding across supply chains, including in garment design, yarn choices and textile finishing.
Recycled polyester is falling slightly as overall polyester production surges.
“Ultimately, we need [textile-to-textile recycled] solutions because even without new production we have enough polyester clothing on the planet to last many lifetimes, so we need a better way to process all of that waste,” said Ruth MacGilp, fashion campaign manager of the nonprofit Action Speaks Louder.
New entrants including Reju and Syre aspire to reduce fiber shedding through careful feedstock selection and recycling processes.
Regulation is emerging — slowly, unevenly and late
Digital product passport requirements in the EU, as well as technological progress in AI and fiber tracing, will reveal more about the origins and ultimate paths of materials.
However, policy is globally inconsistent and lagging production rather than leading it, especially after the future of a Global Plastics Treaty looks shaky. No major jurisdictions are capping synthetic fiber production or regulating microfiber shedding.
Innovators look beyond petroleum
Oregon entrepreneur Tim Gobet believes fossil-based polyester will pose serious risks to brands as new science emerges about its negative health impacts. His Aktiiv brand of activewear mixes petrochemicals with corn-based polyester.
“’Circular polyester’ sounds progressive now,” he said, but within a decade “it may be viewed more like the tobacco industry’s low-tar cigarettes — a technical improvement on one metric that leaves the underlying harm fundamentally unaddressed.”
Innovators experimenting with non-petroleum derivatives, including Kintra Fibers, developing polyester made from fermented corn sugars, which Reformation, Zara and Bestseller have piloted. Textile tech company OceanSafe creates ocean-degradable naNea “copolyester,” which is Cradle Certified Gold for material health. Zara, H&M Move, Adidas, REI and Lululemon have piloted LanzaTech’s CarbonSmart polyester, derived from captured carbon dioxide.
“All of that is really cool,” said Bonie Shupe, founder of Rewildist, a Colorado fashion sustainability consultancy. “But every new material will have tradeoffs across its lifecycle. There’s still so much work to be done.”
MilliporeSigma’s 40-person sustainability team reports to the chief strategy and transformation officer of parent company, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
That means environmental considerations are automatically included in product design and packaging decisions, and the lead sustainability executive for the life sciences company often accompanies sales representatives to meetings with strategic accounts.
“I see firsthand where it’s creating a more attractive environment for our customers to choose us more often because of what we’re doing related to sustainability,” said Jeffrey Whitford, vice president of sustainability and social business innovation at MilliporeSigma, the operating name for Merck KGaA’s U.S. and Canadian life science business. “We’re changing the narrative that it’s costs, costs, costs. We’re finding the connection points to make the financial picture much clearer and, I would say, much more attractive for the business.”
Clear results
Even when Whitford isn’t in the room, MilliporeSigma’s climate agenda is a component of how the company pitches new accounts and wins new business. It considers both potential savings and sales upsides during the product design process, something it has been doing since 2021 when sustainability started reporting to the strategy team. (Whitford started in environmental, health and safety 20 years ago with Sigma-Aldrich, which was acquired by Merck KGaA in 2015.)
That reorganization has served the company well.
Merck KGaA’s company-wide commitment, validated by the Science Based Targets initiative, calls for a 50 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions related to its operations and purchased electricity by 2030 (Scope 1 and 2, respectively) compared with 2020. It has cut Scope 1 by 53 percent and reduced Scope 2 by 30 percent. Merck KGaA has an emissions intensity goal that calls for it to cut emissions to 230 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per 1 million euros of gross profit; the result for 2024 was 359 metric tons of CO2e.
Sales for MilliporeSigma’s Greener Alternatives Portfolio — more than 2,500 products that contain bio-based solvents or chemicals, were repackaged with fewer plastics and more renewable materials or have some other preferable sustainability attribute — doubled in the past year.
MilliporeSigma sells more than 300,000 products. The company doesn’t disclose what percentage of its annual sales for 2024 were attributable to Greener Alternatives. It added more than 880 products to the portfolio in 2024 including mPredict, an artificial intelligence tool that uses green chemistry concepts to help scientists eliminate thousands of physical screening experiments, and Cellvento, a feed solution that doesn’t need to be refrigerated, saving energy.
A smaller box was developed and validated for shipping approximately 1,000 products from MilliporeSigma’s distribution center in Milwaukee, saving 60 metric tons of packaging annually.Source: MilliporeSigma
Dedicated packaging plan
One place where sustainability goals win over MilliporeSigma customers is packaging, which contributes 10 percent of the company’s emissions. Merck KGaA has committed to reducing packaging weight per unit sales by 10 percent by 2030, ensuring that all fiber materials are deforestation-free, and designing packages to be recovered, recycled or reused.
The more than 100 projects the company has completed under its SMASH Packaging 2.0 initiative have cut emissions by more than 400 metric tons on an annual basis. Many products are distributed in glass, because it doesn’t react with certain chemicals, but the company is taking steps to reduce plastic-derived and fiber-based materials where possible.
One example is the bulk packaging option MilliporeSigma adopted for several filter product lines, including Millstak (which removes particulates and clarified liquids during biopharmaceutical manufacturing) and Clarisolve (used with cell cultures). The approach reduces waste by 33-53 percent and also cuts the time it takes customers to unbox them in half.
“So, they have a reduction in the CO2 footprint, they have a reduction in operator time, and they have a reduction in the amount of waste they have to deal with,” Whitford said.
MilliporeSigma also stands out for its Green Cooler initiative, replacing the styrofoam typically used to transport refrigerated items such as blood products or antibodies with an insulated starch and paper-based option that can accommodate dry ice and disposed of in curbside recycling systems. Recycling instructions are printed directly on the cooler’s inside flap.
MilliporeSigma handled 60,000 shipments using the Green Coolers in 2025 in Australia, Germany, Korea and the U.S. The new coolers will be introduced to all U.S. distribution centers in 2026, eliminating an estimated 60 metric tons of styrofoam annually — six jumbo jets’ worth of material.
Two challenges in rolling out the new format was satisfying quality control teams and training distribution employees how to handle the coolers. For example, a distribution center in Phoenix, where summer temperatures can soar above 100 degrees Fahrenheit, must have confidence that a shipment arriving late on a Friday will stay cold over the weekend.
“These are the things you uncover when you’re encouraging change, and you have to figure out how you have the resilience to navigate them and not get thrown off by the hurdles,” Whitford said.
Hybrid funding approach
Because sustainability considerations are part of MilliporeSigma’s commercial plan, the investments for supporting programs such as the Green Cooler initiative come from two main sources: product development budgets and strategic development funds that are meant for longer-range projects.
The chief technology officer has also dedicated a portion of the corporate research and development budget to sustainability-related innovation, further demonstrating the company’s high-level commitment.
“The biggest constraint is time, to be honest, because we are really fortunate to be in an organization where I have been given freedom to go and run,” Whitford said.
https://sustainable-future.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cropped-trellis_favicon_180x180.png3232sustainablefuturehttps://sustainable-future.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Untitled-design-117-300x94.pngsustainablefuture2026-01-05 10:00:002026-01-05 18:10:22Why MilliporeSigma’s sustainability lead sits in on sales pitches
The opinions expressed here by Trellis expert contributors are their own, not those of Trellis.
COP30 didn’t deliver the drama of Glasgow or Paris. But in the tropical heat of Belém, the ground quietly shifted. As we look to 2026, here are four predictions for what comes next for businesses serious about nature and climate.
Forest finance grows up
The world has a new pathway to scale up tropical forest finance. The Tropical Forests Forever Facility, a new initiative launched at COP30 to provide long-term payments to countries that protect standing forests, marks a major political signal that the global community is beginning to treat forest protection as core climate infrastructure — not just as a conservation priority, but as a central plank of climate finance and cooperation.
But it still faces significant challenges, such as securing early institutional structures, clarifying governance and winning the trust of forest countries and communities alike. Next year will be about building on that initial momentum. Alongside it, jurisdictional forest protection credits are poised for liftoff and 2026 credit issuance from two Brazilian states, Acre and Tocantins, under a third-party standard, will test whether buyers show up for scale and integrity.
Forest finance isn’t just about carbon. It’s about establishing jurisdictional credibility, transparent governance, inclusion of local communities and reducing risk for institutional investors. It’s also about timing: the Forest Finance Roadmap — launched at New York Climate Week by a coalition of 34 governments — outlines a six-point plan to redirect commodity finance, scale high-integrity credit demand and reform fiscal policies. In 2026, it aims to catalyze early progress on all six fronts, providing clear signals to the private sector and unlocking more coordinated public finance.
For companies serious about net zero, 2026 is the year to move from pilot to portfolio. Forest-positive procurement, long-term offtakes and local partnerships will become essential to climate credibility. We likely will see the emergence of new blended finance platforms, sovereign-backed forest bonds, and new corporate alliances structured around forest investment principles. And crucially, the narrative is maturing — from saving trees to investing in forest economies.
Durability becomes the new north star
One of the most significant narrative shifts in 2025 came from science, not policy. A coalition of researchers, advocates and standards bodies reframed the permanence debate around carbon storage. Instead of binary labels of permanent or not, we now have a more sophisticated framing: durability. How long carbon stays out of the atmosphere, how we manage risk over time and how we compensate if it reverses.
That shift is already shaping market infrastructure. The Integrity Council for the Voluntary Carbon Market (ICVCM) is revising its Core Carbon Principles to include clearer rules on reversals and risk buffers. The Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) is expected to finalize its second version of Net-Zero Standard in 2026, which will likely clarify the role of durable removals in neutralizing residual emissions.
What’s emerging is a portfolio approach to tackling the carbon problem: combining reductions and removals, shorter- and longer-duration storage and a mix of investments that together increase resilience, integrity and long-term value.
For companies, this is a call to action. It’s no longer enough to buy credits and be done. Next year will reward those who build blended portfolios, create buffers to compensate for risk and communicate climate contributions with honesty and transparency. The durability narrative, increasingly, will be a litmus test for integrity.
Local communities alter the finance landscape
At COP30, local communities weren’t just represented — they led. Global land commitments to Indigenous-led initiatives now cover 395 million acres. And jurisdictional forest protection programs have committed a majority of proceeds to benefit locals.
While it’s too early to call this a wholesale shift, 2026 could mark an inflection point. Countries are under pressure to implement land titling reforms that recognize Indigenous land rights and strengthen tenure security. At the same time, more communities are looking to shape the terms of engagement — including through locally governed carbon programs and greater say in benefit-sharing mechanisms.
For business, this means rethinking relationships on the ground. Increasingly, investors and customers expect co-design, shared governance and transparency around who benefits. Companies that take this seriously will be better placed to build credibility and unlock the next generation of community-driven, high-integrity nature investments. 2026 will test which organizations are ready to shift from passive support to genuine partnership.
Carbon markets find their footing
After a bruising few years, carbon markets are recalibrating. Article 6.4 – the part of the Paris Agreement that will introduce a centralized, UN-run carbon crediting mechanism — is expected to issue its first credits by the end of 2026. Meanwhile, Article 6.2 — which allows countries to trade emissions reductions directly with one another — is expanding, with more nations moving beyond pilots into formalized bilateral deals backed by clearer reporting rules. And voluntary markets, long plagued by quality concerns, are shifting from volume to value.
Corporate buyers are coming back, and they’re wiser. Forward purchase agreements are replacing spot buying. Credits are being scrutinized for environmental integrity, community benefit and alignment with national systems. Some standards are embedding nested jurisdictional approaches, while the ICVCM is tightening eligibility through its Core Carbon Principles.
Corporate language around claims is changing, too. More companies are moving away from blanket terms such as “carbon neutral” in favor of “climate contributions” – a framing that better reflects the complexity of climate action. For corporate sustainability teams, this signals the need for more precise language, clearer disclosures and communications strategies that align with integrity standards as much as emissions targets.
Final word
NBS will remain central to corporate climate strategies, but as climate investments, not reputational cover. The more transparently they’re framed, the more value they’ll create. Expect to see ratings agencies and ESG frameworks begin to reward NBS investments not as liabilities to be offset, but as assets delivering adaptation, mitigation and community value.
2026 won’t be the year of silver bullets. But it might be the year we stop asking nature to do everything, and start investing in what it can uniquely deliver – now and for the long haul.
We’ve just concluded our 25th year since the website GreenBiz.com — now Trellis.net — debuted: “The Resource Center on Business, the Environment and the Bottom Line,” read its tagline at the time. We’ve now been covering sustainable business for a quarter century — not quite since the beginning of the era, but still from its earliest days.
The journalists and analysts at Trellis — complemented handily by a sizable community of practitioners willing to share their ideas, perspectives and insights — have produced more than 25,000 articles during that time. And throughout, we’ve continually assessed the scope, veracity and impact of what we do and how we do it.
In many ways, just like our readers.
It hasn’t been easy. Sustainable business journalists have long struggled to get it right — the right mix of stories, of course, but also the right tone, balance and level of depth. There were no halcyon days when sustainable business journalism was easy, popular or uncontroversial. Nearly everything has been subject to punishing scrutiny, whether from activists, companies, investors, political point-scorers, watchdog groups, regulators or a corps of self-appointed sentinels.
If you get it mostly right, you find yourself as we have: scrutinized and criticized but generally respected by all sides.
Our homepage on launch day: June 21, 2000.
At this 25-year juncture, I’ve been reviewing the trajectory of sustainable business reporting, including revisiting some of our earliest stories. It’s a bit like looking at an old picture of yourself and wondering what that “you” was really like back then. And how different things might be to have known then what you know now.
Capturing eyeballs and clicks
The evolution of sustainable business journalism roughly paralleled that of the internet, where “content” became cheap and ubiquitous, and where capturing “eyeballs” and clickthroughs required ever-spicier headlines and lede sentences.
More recent years saw the emergence of social media where, um, content needed to be bite-sized and sometimes salacious. Then came the tsunami of narrative podcasts, live online interviews, carousel storytelling, video explainers, micro-series and “snackable reports” (trust me, they’re a thing), among other novel formats.
Each added new opportunities and challenges for reporters and editors, requiring “journos” — shorthand for journalists in an era of bite-sized attention spans — and their publications to adjust their reporting and publishing strategies.
Now, in the era of AI, many such strategies are being cast aside as algorithm-based technology radically transforms how information is created and consumed, and who creates it and their agendas, if any.
It’s enough for an old-school journo like me to pine for the simpler world of blue pencils and bulldog editions.
Meanwhile, the business of sustainability has evolved from a largely engineering-centric profession into one confronting an atmospheric river of trends and terms: triple bottom line, eco-efficiency, stakeholder engagement, corporate citizenship, corporate social responsibility, shared value, carbon neutrality, double materiality, ESG, decarbonization, nature-positive, carbon-negative, circular economy, just transition and many others.
All in just the past 25 years.
Three eras of coverage
Amidst all this, how has media coverage changed? I view the past quarter century in three eras, which parallel the trajectory of sustainable business itself.
2000-2005: Shallow but earnest. Early reporting focused on mostly small, self-reported activities: a company phasing out polystyrene foam packaging “peanuts” from its shipping department, for instance. A name-brand company publishing its first-ever environmental report could become a headline-grabbing moment.
There was relatively little effort by reporters to peel back the covers to understand what was behind these stories. Sustainable business (it wasn’t even called that yet) was sufficiently novel that nearly everything seemed worthy of covering, if not cheerleading.
2005-2015: Less shallow, more serious. Reporting grew deeper, with more-experienced journalists examining meaningful changes in companies’ products, processes and operations. We started to focus not just on the “what” but also the “how” and “why” of company initiatives.
There was more effort taken to explain the nuts and bolts of what’s needed to nudge a company in a more sustainable direction: how increased transparency and disclosure, for example, could improve company operations; the challenges of accurately measuring and reporting a firm’s carbon footprint; the use of biotechnology and biomimicry to find less-problematic ingredients for everything from biofuels to blue jeans.
How we looked in 2020.
2015-2025: Serious and deeper. Heightened scrutiny and politicalization, in tandem with more ambitious corporate initiatives, pushed reporters to ask more probing questions: Can companies truly offset their way to carbon neutrality? Is hydrogen a viable transportation fuel? Does ESG investing actually move companies and markets?
Trellis’s Chasing Net Zero series represents a prime example of reporters digging deep to answer a seemingly simple question: What does it take for a company to dramatically reduce or eliminate its greenhouse gas emissions? The answer turns out to be far from simple. Trellis reporters use a detailed methodology to assess how specific companies across multiple sectors are faring. The complexity of these stories reflects the growing sophistication of sustainable business journalism overall.
Four challenges ahead
Today, we face both new and continuing challenges, among them:
An evolving media landscape. Journalism now straddles two worlds: traditional balanced reportage and a digital, AI-enabled free-for-all, where a story dismissed as “fake news” might actually be accurate and where seemingly authoritative stories can turn out to be anything but. Publishing today requires balancing the consequential with the click-worthy, not to mention pairing context with clarity.
Nuanced stories. As coverage goes deeper into company operations, the risk grows that complexity becomes oversimplified. For example, a story about a company restoring forests and protecting Amazonian biodiversity requires knowledge of land use; measurement, reporting and verification; and development finance, not to mention supply chains and Indigenous rights — but may be reduced by inexperienced writers and editors to merely “planting trees.”
An uneven playing field. Some companies gush a steady stream of announcements and proactively court reporters and editors. As a result, such well-known brands as Amazon, Google, IKEA, Microsoft, Nike, Salesforce, Unilever and Walmart seem to appear disproportionately more frequently in stories, including ours (according to my unscientific survey). They can receive an outsized share of coverage even though their more circumspect peers may be doing as much or more.
Finding balance. An evergreen challenge is determining the appropriate point of view for a given story: Do we criticize the leaders, always imperfect, or cheer them on? Do we lambaste the laggards or write encouragingly about their baby steps? Is an even-handed approach always fair to readers? We continue to strive to tell stories in a way that meets readers’ growing sophistication — and their perpetually shrinking attention spans.
For today’s journalists and editors, there is no unified theory of how to cover sustainable business — only our instincts, experience, expertise and the abiding conventions of journalism. That’s what’s carried us for the past 25 years and what will propel us forward.
https://sustainable-future.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cropped-trellis_favicon_180x180.png3232sustainablefuturehttps://sustainable-future.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Untitled-design-117-300x94.pngsustainablefuture2026-01-02 14:50:002026-01-02 18:09:26After 25 years of covering corporate sustainability, it’s more complicated than ever
The opinions expressed here by Trellis expert contributors are their own, not those of Trellis.
Listening to a recent Two Steps Forward podcast, I found myself unexpectedly riled up. Joel Makower and Solitaire Townsend were lamenting the lack of corporate thought leadership today. Where is it? Who’s doing it? Why aren’t companies stepping up more forcefully?
It was a provocative conversation — provocative enough that I found myself arguing back. Are we looking at the same landscape?
Their discussion nudged me to reflect on three decades of experience — including 25 years inside McDonald’s, several years at GreenBiz, and time since as an observer who still can’t quit reading CSR reports. From that vantage point, I see something different: not an absence of thought leadership, but a misunderstanding of where — and how — it shows up.
Why is business carrying the burden?
Let’s start with the elephant in the room. The primary responsibility for setting societal standards rests with governments. Yet in many parts of the world, governments are either absent or actively rolling back progress on climate, diversity, immigration and human rights.
I never imagined we’d see corporate diversity programs publicly attacked or immigrants treated with such open disdain. Yet here we are.
Business unquestionably has power and responsibility. But it’s frustrating to see government’s role waved away as if it’s irrelevant. Many of the most consequential sustainability advances I witnessed while at McDonald’s — in animal welfare, deforestation and sustainable agriculture — emerged precisely because regulation was weak, inconsistent or nonexistent.
Yes, companies stepped in. But they did so in a vacuum created by policy failure.
The Kite Insights paper that sparked the podcast, The Courage to Think Clearly, concludes that government has “lost the room” and business now holds the mic. Rather than accepting that as inevitable, we should be asking why civil society pressure on governments has weakened — and how to restore it.
Sustainability leaders are practicing thought leadership — just not loudly
In the podcast, Joel and Solitaire struggled to name corporate thought leaders beyond the usual suspects. I suspect that’s because the definition of thought leadership has become overly external: publishing op-eds, staking public positions, shaping the broader narrative.
That’s one form of leadership. It’s not the only one.
Much of today’s most consequential thought leadership is happening inside companies and across supply chains. Read leading sustainability reports and you’ll find ambitious commitments, measurable progress and serious engagement with complex issues.
What often gets overlooked is how hard it is to get a large organization aligned behind those statements. Sustainability leaders fight for budget and headcount. They negotiate internally, persuade skeptical business units, convene suppliers, collaborate with NGOs and keep momentum alive through constant friction.
That work may not trend on LinkedIn, but it’s deeply strategic. And it’s absolutely thought leadership.
The political line is real — and complicated
It’s reasonable — necessary, even — for companies to advocate for policies that affect their operations. Beyond that, the calculus becomes fraught. Most companies serve customers across the political spectrum. Openly aligning with one side risks alienating the other.
Polarization is real. Watching governments backslide on climate and social issues is distressing. But voters chose those leaders. If change is to come, it will require civic engagement and political will — not just corporate statements.
In the meantime, sustainability leaders still have a mandate: to lead within their organizations, grounded in science, facts and a clear-eyed understanding of risk and opportunity.
Action: The most durable form of thought leadership
Later in the podcast, the conversation shifted toward action — companies convening suppliers, setting standards, moving markets. On this, there’s broad agreement.
During my time at McDonald’s, I could’ve spent years publishing critiques of weak animal welfare regulation. Instead, we focused on changing our own practices. Working with suppliers and peers, we helped implement standards that ultimately influenced the broader industry.
That experience shaped my view: the most effective thought leadership often shows up as execution. For CSOs and their teams, the priority should be clear. Focus first on what advances your company’s goals and responsibilities. Lead internally. Move the needle. As progress accumulates, influence follows.
Pressure still matters — and so does perspective
External pressure from NGOs, academics and advocates remains essential. It signals that society cares. It pushes companies beyond their comfort zones.
But it’s also worth acknowledging the limits of external vantage points. Most critics don’t live inside large organizations, navigating tradeoffs and constraints daily. That doesn’t invalidate the critique — but it does mean change often looks slower and messier from the outside than it feels from within.
Companies can’t do everything. They can’t solve political dysfunction. But they can evolve — and many have.
Today’s CSOs are operating in an entirely different landscape, breaking new ground — sometimes loudly, sometimes quietly. Greenhushing aside, what matters most is action and progress. And from where I sit, that progress is real — and still accelerating.
https://sustainable-future.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/cropped-trellis_favicon_180x180.png3232sustainablefuturehttps://sustainable-future.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Untitled-design-117-300x94.pngsustainablefuture2025-12-30 10:00:002025-12-30 18:08:26Counterpoint: How leadership shows up today